Total Surface Area and Rate of Reaction free essay sample

Acid neutralizer tablets are utilized to diminish indigestion and kill stomach corrosive. Arranging Aim To decide how the surface zone of the tablets influences the pace of the response. To figure out which type of tablets gives the greatest surface zone bringing about the quickest response rate. Examination question: What is the connection between the absolute surface zone of the tablets and the pace of the response? Theory: The pace of response will be the quickest when the tablets squashed into powder as there is a greater all out surface region bringing about increasingly viable impacts between particles. Factors: Autonomous variable: Different types of tablets. Dependant variable: Time the syringe took to quit moving as the tablets break up. Fixed factors: External temperature *volume of HCl *Temperature â€all 3 last runs were done around the same time so whether was not an issue and didn't influence the outcomes *Use of impetus †an impetus was not utilized in any of the analyses * Use a similar individual to watch the response in light of the fact that various individuals have diverse visual perception Background data identifying with the examination In this analysis we are seeing one impact that impacts the pace of response , in particular all out surface region. We will compose a custom paper test on Complete Surface Area and Rate of Reaction or on the other hand any comparable subject explicitly for you Don't WasteYour Time Recruit WRITER Just 13.90/page The response rate (pace of response) or speed of response for a reactant or item in a specific response is characterized as how quick or moderate a response happens. As the surface territory of the reactants expands, the response rate increments. This is on the grounds that expanding the surface zone of the reactants brings about a higher number of response locales. Expanding the quantity of response locales builds the quantity of absolute crashes. The more prominent the recurrence of all out crashes, the more noteworthy the recurrence of viable impacts. In the event that the recurrence of powerful crashes increments, so does the response rate. Surface zone is one of the components that builds the pace of response. Different variables include: 1. Focus. As the convergence of the reactants builds, the response rate increments. As indicated by the crash hypothesis, the pace of a response is straightforwardly corresponding to the quantity of successful impacts every second between the reactant particles. On the off chance that the centralization of the reactants builds (I. e. particles per given volume) the more prominent the quantity of all out impacts. The more noteworthy the recurrence of all out crashes, the more prominent the recurrence of compelling impacts. In the event that the recurrence of powerful crashes increments, so does the response rate. 2. Temperature . As the temperature of a framework expands, the response rate increments. Temperature (T) A proportion of the normal active vitality (KEavg) of the particles of a substance. Expanding T builds KEavg. At higher T, the portion of atoms with energies more prominent than the initiation vitality (Ea) increments. 3. Impetuses. The nearness of an impetus expands the response rate. It does as such by bringing down the enactment vitality of a response. Potential methods of bringing down the Ea of a response: a. Expands the recurrence of impacts between the reactant atoms. b. Changes the general direction of the reactant particles. c. Gives electron thickness to the reactant atoms. d. Decreases the intramolecular holding inside the reactant atoms. e. Gives a substitute pathway or system for the response. Surface zone in regular day to day existence and in the body: IN BIOLOGY: The surface region of a life form is significant in a few contemplations, for example, guideline of internal heat level and assimilation. Creatures utilize their teeth to granulate food down into littler particles, expanding the surface region accessible for assimilation. The epithelial tissue covering the stomach related tract contains microvilli, extraordinarily expanding the zone accessible for ingestion. Elephants have huge ears, permitting them to control their own internal heat level. In different cases, creatures should limit surface region; for instance, individuals will overlap their arms over their chest when cold to limit heat misfortune. Various examinations managing pace of response: The trials I could do are: †¢ Measuring volume of gas delivered †¢ Measuring precipitation (since sulfur is created) e. g.â look for ‘X’ to vanish †¢ Measure mass lost 1. How convergence of sodium thiosulphate influences rate In this analysis we did a preliminary rush to acclimate ourselves with the examination and the gear. It likewise causes us what sort of examples we hope to get. The centralization of sodium thiosulphate was changed by including water. The arrangement was tried to check whether it goes overcast by watching a à ¢â‚¬ËœXMethod: In preliminary run 1 we utilized an answer called sodium thiosulphate to quantify to what extent it takes to turn shady when you blend a specific measure of water and corrosive to it. The manner in which we estimated how the arrangement has turned overcast is by: †¢ Draw a ‘X’ on a bit of paper and spot under a tapered jar. †¢ Measure volumes of sodium thiosulphate and water utilizing results table †¢ Add 3ml of HCL into the cup. †¢ Immediately time to what extent it took until the ‘X’ was not, at this point noticeable, to what extent it took for the answer for turn overcast The individual seeing when the ‘X’ vanished at that point recorded the time. ’. Plan Apparatus * Beaker * Hydrochloric corrosive (HCl) * An estimating chamber A pipe * A syringe * A plug associated with a cylinder * A stopwatch * A bowl * A smasher * One box of stomach settling agent tablets * A scratch pad Setup of the mechanical assembly Method 1. Ensure all mechanical assembly are spotless 2. Interface the elastic plug and cylinder to the syringe. 3. Ensure more air can get away. 4. Utilize a channel to pour 30 ml of Hydrochloric corrosive into estimating chamber. 5. Empty HCl into a recepticle. 6. Ensure the stopwatch is reset. 7. Spot 2 entire stomach settling agent tablets into the HCl arrangement. 8. Close the measuring glass quickly with the elastic plug. 9. Record the development of the syringe at regular intervals. 10. One the syringe stops record the analysis multiple times with 2 entire tablets. 11. Record results and take midpoints. 12. From that point do the analysis again however with 2 tablets broken into quarters and rehash multiple times. 13. Do try different things with 2 squashed tablets (powder) and rehash multiple times. Pulverize the tablets in the bowl utilizing a smasher. Ensure the contraption is cleaned before each new preliminary and that the syringe is dried out.

The Australian Communist Party essays

The Australian Communist Party expositions All through this exposition I will concentrate on a discussion that was held between Shane, Jane and Husna according to Australian appointed authorities and our parliamentary framework. There are a few issues which have been raised all through this discussion, for example, what job do passes judgment on play in the public eye and how are they seen? I will likewise investigate the Australian Communist Party case, what the case involved, why it happened and what was the result, just as different cases which are applicable to specific territories. I will likewise attempt to reveal current segments of the constitution which deny certain conduct and laws. I will investigate what precisely Jane implies by the term, sensibly fundamental. I additionally plan to give numerous guides to legitimize my conflict and talk about at lengths the legitimacy of the cases made in the discussion. Shane examines the Communist Party case and how it indicated Australian adjudicators in their best light and how they gave off an impression of being bold watchmen of individual rights in Australia by then. The Communist Party case happened in 1951. The Communist Party case is a chronicled and popular Australian case which has been known to be viewed as a profoundly persuasive device for Australian Defense powers, Judicial audit just as the standard of law. In 1950 the Australian Federal Government followed up on enactment to guarantee that the Australian Communist Party was ill-conceived association and had points of holding onto their property. Brought under the watchful eye of the High Court of Australia in 1951 the law was tested and it turned into a dominant part choice of 6:1, Latham being the contradicting Judge, held that this particular law was outside the Commonwealth ward and brought about being invalid. The law was instituted at once in Australias history were the danger of socialism was an undeniable danger for Australia as well as for some other western nations. The Australian Army were at the time battling a war in Korea. There wa... <!

Why You Should Get Good ACT Essay Samples For Your College Admissions Essay

Why You Should Get Good ACT Essay Samples For Your College Admissions EssayIt is very important to get Act essay samples for every college admission essay you write. This is because it will show that you know how to write an essay of your own. The right content in the essay will help you win the essay contest. By writing about your passion, dreams and achievements, you are demonstrating that you know what makes a good college admission essay.Good Act essay samples are not easy to find. This is because there are so many different authors with many different personalities. While one author may like to throw a lot of metaphorical figures and metaphors in his essay, another author may prefer to do things directly. This can be seen by a perfect understanding of the topic. With an Act essay sample that is well tailored to the topic of your college admission essay, you can be assured that you can write your own essay.When you are going to write a college admissions essay, it is best to take the tips provided in good Act essay samples. As soon as you see a college admission essay sample of a certain topic, you should give it some thought. See if the topic in the essay can be reflected in the topic of your own essay. Is there a major theme that connects the two? You can also get a feeling of how you can be as close to the topic as possible.Many times you will be left with a good idea about a topic, but you will be stuck in a situation where you are stuck and don't know how to proceed. In this case, you will need to give more importance to the more technical part of the essay. An act sample for this type of essay will help you come up with a good idea in your own essay. At least with this type of sample, you will know the exact moment that you have made an outstanding piece of essay.ACT samples for college admissions are very popular among students. These college essays are based on ACT or Advanced Placement examinations. These essays may include essays about a specific subject, opinions and the actual ACT or AP exam that was taken.There are other advantages of getting good ACT essay samples for your college admissions essay. The thing is that you will be prepared before you even start writing. That is because the act sample writers usually have tested themselves before they write the sample essays. In this way, they can know the right time to test themselves and write.One last reason why you should get your college admissions essay samples from ACT samples is because they are more updated than most other samples. Some other samples may still be available in high school or college. A lot of the ACT sample writing also uses well-known celebrities' voice quotes. Since they have not been updated, these samples are probably still old and outdated.Good Act essay samples are some of the most important of all. You should only use them when writing a college admission essay. You should also know how to use them.

Gay Marriages Essay - 1644 Words

Gay Marriages Growing up in a heterosexual neighborhood, gay couples were not something that you came across every day as you do in today’s time. At the age of 22, Dawn was introduced to her first gay couple, Mike and Thomas. They were friends of her husband. She had never known a gay couple before or even a gay person. It was extremely strange and uncomfortable for Dawn to be in the presence of two gay men. It was nothing out of the ordinary at first. To Dawn, it was just like two men living together as roommates until they kissed. Dawn felt like she was invading on their privacy as she sat and watched them kiss. She quickly turned her head so she would not be intruding. Now, Dawn is extremely close to Mike and Thomas. She claims†¦show more content†¦Heterosexuals who have been living together for a specific years can be declared to have a ‘common law’ marriage. Common law marriages are not honored to homosexuals who fall under the same situation. The first efforts t o secure state recognition of homosexual relationships in the United States occurred in the 1970s (D’ Emilio). Ministers of the Metropolitan Community Church, organized in 1968, had begun performing wedding for their members. The Metropolitan Community Church is a church for lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender and queer spiritual community grounded in the Christian tradition, affirming and exploring many paths to God. It is the first â€Å"gay church† in the United States that will thrive and found branches in many other U.S. cities (Kranz and Cusick). The August 1970 issue of The Advocate proclaimed that America was experiencing a â€Å"gay marriage boom.† During the early 1970s, close to a dozen homosexual couples across the country applied at their local city clerk’s office, which they were denied. Lawsuits were filed by three couples because of the state’s refusal to issue a marriage license to them. By the mid-1970s, several same-sex couples had tried to force a state to recognize them as married but none had succeeded. Between the mid-1970s and 1987, no further gay male or lesbian couples in the United States appear to have requested a marriage license or filed aShow MoreRelatedGay Marriage Should Be Legal Essay1850 Words   |  8 Pageswhat it means to be a gay man – even if that is not the language that always would be used to describe homosexual behavior in a given place and time. In the United States, gay marriage has been legalized in all 50 states by a federal court ruling, but many Americans do not realize that there is still a long way to go in terms of embracing gay citizens (and the rest of the LGBT community) into the â€Å" societal norm.† Despite the strides that have been taken to legalize marriage for same sex couples,Read MoreGay Marriage Should Be Legal1848 Words   |  8 Pageswholly ashamed of. Gay marriage is legal in all 50 United States, something that has been fought for since the conception of the LGBT movement. In fact, gay couples are routinely being featured on popular television and other forms of media. Some might say that in 2016, the dreams of the rioters in Stonewall have been realized. Marriage rights and the spotlight on nighttime television; equality seems to truly be right on the horizon. If one is a white, cis, gay man, that is. Gay women are featuresRead MoreThe Supreme Court Ruling On Gay Marriages893 Words   |  4 PagesIts time for me to share my opinion and perspective regarding the Supreme Court ruling on gay marriages. Forewarning, this post will be long because I have more than just an opinion to express, but rather a story to tell which will enlighten anyone who chooses to read this as to what my true perspective and opinion regarding gay marriages. (and gay people in general as a Christian) A few months ago I faced a difficult time in my life. 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According to Schulman, there are 4 primary effects of marriage within his definition he calls the kinship system. First, marriage protects and controls a woman’s sexuality. Second, the possible pairings are limited by the kinship system to avoid incest or other taboos. Third, marriage creates a situationRead MoreThe Issue Of Gay Marriage1464 Words   |  6 Pages Marriage is one of the oldest, passed down traditions since the beginning of time. As humanity evolves through generations, traditions change, but the act of choosing your partner stays the same. For an example, not until President Barack Obama was in office, gay marriage was unacceptable. When President Obama announced that gay marriage was legal, that was a moment in history that will never be forgotten. The process of marriage continues to be the same, but each generation has been going outRead MoreGay Marriage And Gay Rights2550 Words   |  11 PagesComp II 8 May, 2015 Gay Marriage and Gay Rights For years there has been a debate on gay marriage and gay rights in America. Often government keeps pushing the issue back, or refuses to partake in the debates and discussions on whether or not this type of union is â€Å"legal† in the United States. My hope with this paper is to prove that gay marriage is not in fact unconstitutional, but that there is a right to freedom for everyone, no exclusions. When it comes to gay marriage, there seem to be a numberRead MoreThe Issue Of Gay Marriage Essay3392 Words   |  14 PagesWell it is 2007, and we are still dealing with the issue of gay marriage being good, and not good for America. Now maybe in 20 years gay marriage will be legal in each state, and this issue will be over. However, I deal in reality. And reality tells me the idea of two men frotting inside a home with children, frankly makes people sick to their stomachs. I prefer women, but I think what two grown people do in their bedrooms is their private moral, and legal business. Just like a straight couple thatRead MoreGay Marriage1280 Words   |  6 Pagesburrows, but flamboyantly celebrate their identities. The gays are now a people willing and ready to be heard. It has come to all of our attentions that in the light of marriage they have been depraved and deceived. Homosexuals cannot allow this persecution to continue, as they are constantly forfeited equal rights. The arguments are of lifestyle differences and the legalized discrimination of these people. It encompasses same-sex marriage as a cause worth fighting and defending so that we all mayRead MoreGay Marriage1041 Words   |  5 PagesCompare-Contrast Synthesis 10/11/2013 English 111x Gay Marriage Gay marriage is a topic that is heavily debated in this day and age. Whether or not it should be legal for homosexuals to get married is a theme that authors Andrew Sullivan, who wrote â€Å"For Gay Marriage† and William J. Bennett, who wrote â€Å"Against Gay Marriage† use in there articles. The main points the authors both discus is the meaning of marriage itself, the social impact same sex marriage will have on society, and the influence on children

Fahrenheit 451 And The Allegory Of The Cave By Ray Bradbury

Ardon, Samantha Professor Moore ENG 101 #34285 9 October 2017 Lies Hidden in Truth Most people do not walk to a bookshelf and read a book in a one sitting anymore. Has the current world become similar to the society in Fahrenheit 451 written by Ray Bradbury? Fahrenheit 451 is set in a future idea of the world, where books are forbidden. Firefighters have a different type of job in this world; instead of putting out fires, they start them. One of the firefighters, Guy Montag, is not as interested in his job, he becomes interested in books. At a point in the story he is hunted down by the government and is chased to railroad tracks. At the tracks he meets rebels that are constantly memorizing books and philosophies, in order to repeat them†¦show more content†¦Furthermore, knowledge versus ignorance plays a role in Fahrenheit 451. The reason behind it is there is so much importance in technology than literature itself, society ignores the word. Most children grow up engaged in the TV, rather than reading and developing their minds effici ently. Bradbury expands on this topic by Guy Montag stating â€Å"School is shortened, discipline relaxed, philosophies, histories, languages dropped, English and spelling gradually, gradually neglected† (53). Bradbury is trying to explain how children will grow up with a smaller English vocabulary and a lack of word choice without literature. David T Wright, an American writer, has his own thoughts on knowledge versus ignorance. Wright touches on this topic by saying that without reading, most of Montag’s society will lack mental exercise for the brain to retain information; resulting in memory loss (104). Continuing with Wright’s thoughts, he claims that not only do people completely forget that firemen are supposed to put out fires, but also neither Guy nor Mildred remember how they met (104). Rodney Smolla had a similar view, he stated â€Å"Bradbury seems to be insisting that while it may be possible to incinerate a book, killing the book will not kill its ideas† (110). Expanding of Smolla’s thought, getting rid of books will not change the words and its purpose willShow MoreRelatedAllegory Of The Cave In Fahrenheit 451 By Ray Bradbury1565 Words   |  7 Pages Plato’s â€Å"Allegory of the Cave† is considered a model for Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury, because of the struggles and revelations of the prisoner. Guy Montag is the prisoner in the novel. His society, with the fake reality, has caused him to undergo a series of struggles and revelations as he ascends. The novel and the allegory relate because the allegory is an outline for what the novel is.The allegory has a prisoner stage, the bonfire stage and an above ground stage. Montag went from being prisonerRead MoreThe Frightening Future: Farenheit 451 Essay856 Words   |  4 Pagesmore advanced piece of technology is considered â€Å"odd† or â€Å"wrong†. Plato’s Allegory of the Cave can be related to this idea of ethics in that people in today’s society who are wrong are trapped in the cave while the people living in â€Å"reality† are the people that are right. However, this can go both ways, the people that are â€Å"right† in today’s society and are up to date with technology can be the ones considered trapped in a cave because they are missing out on the real world and are living in the virtualRead MoreAnimal Farm And Fahrenheit 451 Literary Analysis811 Words   |  4 Pagesagainst. Again this theme of â€Å"the struggle for freedom† is shown in the book Animal Farm by George Orwell, and Fahrenheit 451 by Ray Bradbury. In both of these novels the characters struggle to gain their freedom from the restrictions society placed on them. Freedom is only attained when it is fought for as shown in â€Å"I Have a Dream†, Fahrenheit 451, and Animal Farm. In the novel, Fahrenheit 451, Montag struggles for freedom despite societys restrictions. This is demonstrated when Montag is talking toRead MoreThe Sound of Silence Response Essay622 Words   |  3 Pageslight. Seeing what one was never realized before. It relates well to the allegory of the cave by Plato and the book Fahrenheit 451, it was actually written as a response to this book by Ray Bradbury. This song really shows how people in society do not think, they go along with what is going on and do not question, they do not act upon what is wrong. Many similar ideas found in this song are also found in the book Fahrenheit 451, and in the short story, â€Å"Harrison Bergeron,† that we read in class.Read MoreOppression By George Orwell And Fahrenheit 4512355 Words   |  10 Pagesachieved in 1984 and Fahrenheit 451 ‘If you want a vision of the future, imagine a boot stamping on a human face – forever’ O’Brien explains to Winston whilst torturing him near the end of Nineteen Eighty-Four. It is this sense of oppression which Orwell and Bradbury both portray in their novels. Oppression can be defined as the, ‘cruel or unjust use of power or authority’. In Nineteen Eighty-Four there is quite a clear sense of cruelness and totalitarianism, whereas in Fahrenheit 451 there is a lessRead MoreHuman Nature In Fahrenheit 4511349 Words   |  6 Pagespolitics, one can gain insight as the how they highlight the best or worst of human nature. The Crucible a play by Arthur Miller, is an allegory for the Cold War politics and examines the tensions that occur between one s perception of what is moral according to human nature when constrained by a theocratic society. Fahrenheit 451 a dystopian novel by Ray Bradbury, shows how oppressive governments can never succeed in trying to force conformity in one s human nature. The Lottery is a dystopian shirt

Personal And Career Development Potential - 998 Words

Understands the importance of applying the knowledge learned in the classroom to continued personal and career development potential. ~Takes ownership of the learning process by setting personal educational goals, and monitoring their own progress. At the beginning of every school week I open my assignments, make a to-do list on a note pad, and attach that to-do list with the assignments I print out. I print the assignments out so I can take the papers with me and make notes on them directly and so I can carry them with me where ever I go(some places don t have wifi and I am not to keen on using my phone to make notes.) Then, I prepare my calendar to help me stay on schedule. I have 5 kids, manage a pottery shop, and coach several soccer teams so the calendar is crucial to staying on track with life, work, and school. I can monitor my progress by how well I accomplish my goals for the week because. I try not to think to far ahead of that. ~Is self-motivated to learn and understand; not only driven by grades or external praise. I have to say that grades are a factor in a lot of the work I do for school. It is actually the main factor because I need them to pass the class and graduate college. BUT, the assignments that are interesting to me are a lot of fun and I work a lot easier and quicker. Most of the time, I don t really focus on the grade so much as how I feel about the work I have completed. I am very self-motivated in my job. I research new practiceShow MoreRelatedEmployee Training and Career Development Essay1296 Words   |  6 PagesIntroduction Training and development are important factors to the success of any organization. Each employee is a valuable asset that can either add to the success a company or contribute to its failure. Training supports and makes possible the development of new skills and knowledge. Offering training for employees at various levels within an organization assist employees develop the necessary skills and proficiency to be successful in their careers as well as prepare for new responsibilitiesRead MoreCareer Development : A Graduate Program860 Words   |  4 PagesCareer Development Due to the increasing competitive nature of the employment market, graduate coursework remains an important aspect of an individual who desires to achieve professional and career development. The entry programs offered help to provide learners with an intensive study about related subjects, a factor that helps them prepare for the careers they desire to pursue in life. Working students can also undertake the graduate programs to help improve their skills and expertise as well asRead MoreContinuous Self Development1629 Words   |  7 PagesPersonal Development Planning Checklist 092 Introduction Employers are increasingly aware of the importance of investing in their staff and often put structures in place to provide opportunities for the development of employees. Nonetheless, managers also need to take personal responsibility for renewing and updating their skills and knowledge throughout their working lives. Personal development is a lifelong process of nurturing, shaping and improving skills and knowledge to ensure maximumRead MoreTechniques For Enhancing Self Efficacy1485 Words   |  6 Pagesand perceptions of aptitude may increasingly influence students’ sense of which career options are attractive and viable (Brown, 2002). Self-efficacy beliefs and goal attainment are central to the development of academic-career interests and to the collection of occupational opportunities that students view as possible careers for themselves. School counselors can optimize the development of students’ academic and career interest and competencies through a number of cognitive implications using SCCTRead MoreHow Personal Branding And Maintenance Of One Is Crucial For The Development And Success Of Future Careers1615 Words   |  7 Pagesvarious aspects of personal branding and how the development and maintenance of one is crucial for the development and success of future careers. With today’s tough and competitive job market, jobseekers are struggling to stand out from their peers and are used to being passed over and forgotten about by potential employers. Developing a personal brand ensures that individuals are not left behind and that they develop the competitive advantage that positions them for the career opportunities theyRead MoreEmployee Training and Career Development Paper1300 Words   |  6 PagesEmployee Training and Career Development Paper University of Phoenix HRM/300 August 21, 2012 Employee Training and Career Development Paper Knowledgeable and well trained employees are needed in every organization. It is important employees are able to perform all the tasks needed in order to reach the organizations needs and achieve the set goals. As times change, employees may stay behind in skills or may even lack training when it comes to new systems, technology or other proceduresRead MoreThe Diversity Of Health And Disability Within The Workplace1550 Words   |  7 PagesIntroduction Diversity in careers is a wide category that encompasses a variety of fields and issues. One that is prevalent in every career and work setting is the diversity of health and disability within the workplace. All careers challenge employees with different requirements both physical and mental. It is important to understand how these challenges can affect the employee and common trends across a diverse group. To accomplish this, we must be well informed and understand what factors areRead MoreErfa1044 Words   |  5 PagesThe Journal of Nepalese Business Studies Vol. I No. 1 Dec. 2004 Human Resource Management: Career Development Dhruba Kumar Budhathoki* ABSTRACT This paper mainly emphasizes on career development which is gaining much importance in recent times in order to retain skilled, competent and result oriented people in the organization. This paper invites special attention in this area of organizations. PEOPLE ARE THE SOURCES of all productive effort in organizations. Organizational Read MoreFive-Year Career Development Plan1145 Words   |  5 PagesFive-Year Career Development Plan Introduction: Career development is a continuous process of handling proactively work and changes in life in order to move forward and reach the goals set for a better future. It involves learning new skills, moving up in the position within the organization or altogether moving to new organization or even starting up a new business. A career development plan is created to set goals and how to reach these goals using your talents and skills in the working worldRead MoreCoaching1157 Words   |  5 Pages Contents Intoduction†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦....1 Directive and Non-Directive Coaching†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...1 How coaching differs from other development needs†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦.†¦.1 3 ways in which coaching can be used to meet organisational objectives†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...2 The role of a coach and cochee†¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦Ã¢â‚¬ ¦...†¦..2-3 3 potential benefits coaching for the..........................................4 coachee and 3 for the organisation 2 different ways in which a coaching culture could

History of abortion in the Court Essay Example For Students

History of abortion in the Court Essay Abortion. The word alone provokes strong emotion in both women and men alike. Roe v. Wade was decided twenty five years ago, but still the fight is not over. Instead, there are mass rallies, bombings of abortion clinics, murders of doctors and workers at such clinics, intimidation, arrest, political lobbying, and numerous Supreme Court cases. What is it that divides families, and keeps old friends from speaking to one another on the topic? Why are opinions so polarized and why are minds so closed? As the great philosopher Plato said, A perfectly simple principle can never be applied to a state of things which is the reverse of simple. The topic of abortion is anything but simple, and our laws governing the matter are ever changing to try to achieve a middle ground. In the late nineteenth century a specific backward law was added in Connecticut. It banned not the sale or manufacture of contraceptives but their use. The Director of the Planned Parenthood League of Connecticut, Griswold, and its medical director, a licensed physician, were convicted under the statute as an accessory after they gave advice to married couples on contraception. Griswold appealed the statute to the Supreme Court, where the question was whether the statue violated the Constitution. The Court was convinced that it did, though it refused to become specific about what clause of the Bill of Rights it violated. The court drew notice to a zone of privacy, which was an emanation created by various amendments. This zone grew out of the right to privacy implicit in the First, Fourth and Fifth Amendments. The Ninth Amendment also hints at its existence when it says that the enumeration of specific rights does not preclude the existence of other rights enumerated. With Griswold v . Connecticut, 381 U.S. 479 (1965), the Court established that married couples have a Right to Privacy as a prenumbra to the Bill of Rights. Seven years after the Griswold decision, the Supreme Court expanded the right to privacy to include the right of women to obtain abortions, during the first six months of pregnancy. Roe was blocked, by the laws of Texas, from obtaining an abortion, because Texas law prohibited abortion except to save the life of the mother. Citing the Griswold case, she appealed to the Supreme Court, charging that the Texas statute was an unconstitutional restriction of her right to privacy. By a margin of seven to two, the Court agreed. In his majority opinion of Roe v. Wade, 410 U.S. 113 (1973), Justice Blackmun said the Court found no agreement on when human life begins. And instead of extending it back to the period of fertilization, the Court tended to fix its origin somewhere in the period of quickening, when the fetus begins to move in the uterus, which might be anywhere from forty to eighty days. The Courts decision was grounded in the Ninth Amendment by saying where uncertainty exist, the state has no right to make laws pretending to be certain. However, he rejected the view that the state has no interest in a womans decision whether or not to have an abortion. He expressed that the state does have an important and legitimate interest in protecting and preserving the health of the pregnant woman and it has still another important and legitimate interest in protecting the potentiality of human life. Blackmun asserted that the states interest increases as the pregnancy progresses. During the first three months , the state has no compelling interest. However, the state may enact abortion regulations affecting the second three months of the pregnancy, but only to protect the health of the pregnant woman. Only with regards to the last trimester man the state enact regulations to protect potential life, unless the pregnant mothers health is in danger. .u71892ab259b80668828cc1047cd748cf , .u71892ab259b80668828cc1047cd748cf .postImageUrl , .u71892ab259b80668828cc1047cd748cf .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u71892ab259b80668828cc1047cd748cf , .u71892ab259b80668828cc1047cd748cf:hover , .u71892ab259b80668828cc1047cd748cf:visited , .u71892ab259b80668828cc1047cd748cf:active { border:0!important; } .u71892ab259b80668828cc1047cd748cf .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u71892ab259b80668828cc1047cd748cf { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u71892ab259b80668828cc1047cd748cf:active , .u71892ab259b80668828cc1047cd748cf:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u71892ab259b80668828cc1047cd748cf .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u71892ab259b80668828cc1047cd748cf .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u71892ab259b80668828cc1047cd748cf .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u71892ab259b80668828cc1047cd748cf .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u71892ab259b80668828cc1047cd748cf:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u71892ab259b80668828cc1047cd748cf .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u71892ab259b80668828cc1047cd748cf .u71892ab259b80668828cc1047cd748cf-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u71892ab259b80668828cc1047cd748cf:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Significants Of Soviet Unions First Atomic Bomb EssayOver the past twenty five years since the Roe decision, the Court has clearly chipped away at Justice Blackmuns open framework of the Roe case. Maher v. Roe 432 U.S. 464 (1977), was brought before the Court as a challenge to Connecticuts limitation of state Medicaid funding to medically necessary abortions and refusal to fund elective abortions. However, the court held that the law is constitutional.

Compare and Contrast of the Historical Figures Barrack Obama and Joel Osteen

Introduction Historical figures have been known to shape the lives of many people hence causing an influence to them. The leaders are remembered either by their political influence or religious influence. There are so many of them but in this paper, we shall look at two historical figures; Barrack Obama and Joel Osteen.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on Compare and Contrast of the Historical Figures: Barrack Obama and Joel Osteen specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Barrack Obama Barrack Obama started his political career as early as 1996 when he was elected as a State Senator in Illinois (Price, 2009). His main achievement as a senator was reforming the ethical and health laws and looking after the welfare of the low-income earners when he sponsored a law that sought to increase tax credits. He however resigned in 2004 when he was elected to the U.S Senate. He was inaugurated as the 44th and the 1st African American p resident in 2009 and is still running the office to date. He has already achieved a lot in this short period that he has been in office and will be remembered by many. Among the notable achievements is his reversed ban that had been directed by President George Bush on federal funding establishments that permitted abortion and withdrawal from Iraq the U.S military troops (Wheeler, 2009). Obama has also been on the forefront in the fight to end the Iraq and Afghanistan war. Joel Osteen He is a religious leader who took over Lakewood Church in 1999 after the death of his father. He travels all over the nation spreading the word of God and he reaches over five million viewers in over 100 media coverage. He has transformed a lot of people’s lives with his message (Lanham, 2008). He is also the best selling author and he has sold million copies of his books in America and abroad; he was included in the list of the ‘ten most fascinating people’ by Barbara Walter. He ha s reached to the less fortunate in the society and he will be remembered mostly in his generous contributions and inspirational teachings to them (Young, 2007). Comparisons and Contrast between Barrack Obama and Joel Osteen The only notable contrast in their type of leadership is that while Obama involves himself in politics, Osteen is a religious leader. They have similar leadership styles in that they have both been termed as ‘life coach.’ Thy have a wide scope of influence in their leadership as seen in by their following. Obama for example is said to have won the senator’s seat with 70% vote and Osteen on the other hand has over 5 million followers in his ministry and has in addition sold over millions copies of his books.Advertising Looking for essay on history? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Both are educated and possess a good knowledge in their works that make them effective leaders. They also perf orm their duties with utmost sincerity and for the good of their followers. They have been considered as servant-leaders who have influenced the lives of many people in a positive manner. They are also public speakers, a factor that makes their communication skills outstanding to garner their supporter’s confidence. They will both be remembered as inspirational leaders. Obama has written inspirational books about the effects of drugs in his teenage life and Osteen has written many inspirational books of different topics, their speeches are also inspirational. The most notable Obama speech was the one he delivered during his inauguration (American Rhetoric, 2009). References American Rhetoric (2009). Barrack Obama: President Inaugral Address. Online Speech Bank. Web. Lanham, R. (2008). The Sinner’s Guide to the Evangelical Right. London; Sage Publications Price, J. (2009). Barrack Obama: The Voice of an American Leader. New York: Greenwood Publishing Ltd Wheeler, J. (20 09). Barrack Obama: 44th President of the United States. Tuskon: University of Arizona Press Young, R. (2007). The Rise of Lakewood Church and Joel Osteen. New York; Whitaker House PublishersAdvertising We will write a custom essay sample on Compare and Contrast of the Historical Figures: Barrack Obama and Joel Osteen specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This essay on Compare and Contrast of the Historical Figures: Barrack Obama and Joel Osteen was written and submitted by user TheH0wl1ngC0mmand0s to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Holidays of Spanish-Speaking Countries

Holidays of Spanish-Speaking Countries If youre traveling to a Spanish-speaking area, one thing to consider is the countrys fiestas, holidays and other celebrations. On the positive side, you may get an opportunity for an upclose look at the countrys culture and a chance to participate in activities youll see nowhere else; on the other hand, with some of the more important holidays, businesses may be closed, public transportation may crowded and hotel rooms may be difficult to reserve. Spring Holidays Because of the Roman Catholic heritage, in nearly all the Spanish-speaking world la Semana Santa, or Holy Week, the week before Easter, is among the most widely celebrated of holidays. Specific days observed include el Domingo de Ramos, or Palm Sunday, a celebration of Jesus triumphal entry into Jerusalem before his death; el Jueves Santo, which commemorates la Última Cena de Jesà ºs (the Last Supper); el Viernes Santo, or Good Friday, marking the day of Jesus death; and the weeks climax, el Domingo de Pascua or la Pascua de Resurreccià ³n, or Easter, a celebration of Jesus Resurrection. The dates of la Semana Santa vary from year to year. Winter Holidays La Navidad, or Christmas, is also universally celebrated on December 25. Related days include la Nochebuena (Christmas Eve, December 24), el dà ­a de san Esteban (St. Stephens Day, honoring the man traditionally believed to be the first Christian martyr, on December 26), el dà ­a de san Juan Evangelista (St. Johns Day, on December 27), el dà ­a de los Santos Inocentes (Day of the Innocents, honoring the babies who, according to the Bible, were ordered slaughtered by King Herod, December 28) and el dà ­a de la Sagrada Familia (the Day of the Holy Family, observed the Sunday after Christmas), culminating in la Epifanà ­a (January 6, Epiphany, the 12th day of Christmas, marking the day los magos or Wise Men arrived to see the infant Jesus). In the middle of all this is el Aà ±o Nuevo, or New Years, which typically is celebrated beginning on el Nocheviejo, or New Years Eve. Independence Holidays Most Latin American countries also celebrate an Independence Day to mark the day of separation from Spain or, in a few cases, some other country. Among the dà ­as de la independencia are February 12 (Chile), Feb. 27 (Dominican Republic), May 24 (Ecuador), July 5 (Venezuela), July 9 (Argentina), July 20 (Colombia), July 28 (Peru), August 6 (Bolivia), August 10 (Ecuador), August 25 (Uruguay), September 15 (Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua), September 16 (Mexico) and November 28 (Panama). Spain, meanwhile, celebrates its Dà ­a de la Constitucià ³n (Constitution Day) on December 6. Other Days of Celebration: Dà ­a del Trabajo or Dà ­a del Trabajador - May Day or Labor Day is widely observed on May 1.Fiesta Nacional de Espaà ±a - This day, observed on October 12, marks the arrival of Christopher Columbus in the Americas. It also goes by other names, including la Fiesta de la Hispanidad. In Latin America, it is often known as el Dà ­a de la Raza.Cinco de Mayo - This Mexican celebration marking a victory in the Battle of Puebla has been exported to the United States, where it is more widely observed than in Mexico.Dà ­a de la Asuncià ³n - A day commemorating the Assumption of Mary is observed in some countries on August 15.Dà ­a de la Revolucià ³n - Mexico celebrates the start of the Mexican Revolution on the third Monday of November.Dà ­a de Todos Santos - All Saints Day is widely observed on November 1.

Happiness Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Happiness - Research Paper Example In addition, the modern world fills our heads full of numerous distractions, many of which claim happiness can only be achieved after one has accomplished this material good or that status in life. In America, for example, people learn that happiness is what occurs when we have finally managed to claim ownership of a luxury car, a fine house and a stunning wardrobe to show off the tremendous body we’ve maintained, perhaps with the help of a personal trainer or skilled plastic surgeon. â€Å"To fulfill their dreams, Americans claim they need an annual income of $102,000† (Myers, 2000). According to Bolt (2004) and others, almost three-quarters of college freshmen feel being ‘very well-off financially’ to be a ‘very important’ or ‘essential’ goal in life (Bolt, 2004: 124). Other studies seem to indicate that our concept of happiness continues to change through life, so that what might have made us happy in the past will likely lose i ts ability to make us happy in the future (Diener & Diener, 2009). Although definitions of happiness and how to attain it may shift over time, research seems to link gaining happiness very strongly with the concept of adhering to a strongly identified sense of moral behavior. Within this discussion, it is important to understand that the concept of moral behavior as it is considered by philosophers does not merely constitute a choice between right and wrong behavior. The term â€Å"morality† is defined as a â€Å"moral quality or character; rightness or wrongness, as of an action† (Neufeldt & Goralnik, 1994: 882) and it is closely associated with the term â€Å"ethics† which is â€Å"the study of standards of conduct and moral judgment.† Even this much of an explanation is unclear, though, as terms such as â€Å"standards of conduct,† â€Å"moral judgment† and â€Å"moral character† have yet to be defined on a concrete level. These terms are potentially defined differently depending upon

Management of change (Reflection) Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Management of change (Reflection) - Essay Example I was very excited because this gave me an opportunity to have first-hand experience in working in the finance department. The first day was overwhelming since I was still adjusting to my role. I was too scared and did not understand how to go about fixing problems. In the course of the simulation, I was able to identify an area that I excelled in the process of managing change. I could identify areas that need change. For example, previously writing on invoices manual on paper. I was able to identify this shortcoming and introduce E-invoicing. That was a change that was welcome since no one wants to use paper. Management of change is all about timing. In the event that I noticed a shortcoming, I was quick to respond. The decision-making in the event of a need for change is an area that I noticed that I was good in ensuring effective management of change. Helping other employees in the process and adapting to change was another area I was effective in. I could take up helping other employees that met difficulties in the change process, which is necessary to ensure that the company moved forward as a whole. Accepting the possibility of making mistakes is also necessary for the change process. I noticed my lack of composure in the event of any change as a shortcoming. The new responsibilities bestowed upon me overwhelmed me. I reacted by avoiding the problem presented in the event of change. I found myself running away from the problems on the first day . I avoided tasks that needed a lot of concentration This was a sign of weakness and resistance to change. Being good at decision-making and deciding when and how to change things in the wake of a change was an area I was good. This is in the case of introduction of E-invoicing Problem-solving ability in managing change in the event that the invoice clearing was not on time and offering a solution was a strong point. I was also good at accepting challenges.

Empowering women through education

Empowering women through education Ghuman (2002) overviewed that women with higher freedom are those who retain their earnings compared to those who are unemployed and have no importance in the contribution to decision-making in households. He also added that working women occupy a better position and have a higher degree of authority as they earn money. As said by Noeleen Heyzer, executive Director of the United Nations Development fund for Women(UNIFEM) efforts must be put together to empower women and take decision to eliminate gender inequality. Carmen Moreno,Director of United Nations International Research and Training Institute of Women (INSTRAW) added that women must be encouraged to raise their voices in politics, participate in decision making and have access to education which will contribute positively in their development and for them to make better decisions on the different issues. 2.5 Empowering women through education As stated in the report of the of the expert group meeting by the United Nations Division for the Advancement of Women (DAW), education smooth the progress of womens empowerment and for eradicating poverty among women as it enlarges womens abilities. During the period 1980-1994 the gap between girls enrolments and boys enrolment at primary level decreased in developing countries. But there are some important differences that stand out. In the case of sub-Saharan Africa the declining of the gender gap in some countries is accredited to a fall in the enrolment of boys and only a minor rise in the participation of girls. According to UNESCO data, girls net enrolment in secondary school decreased between 1985 and 1997 in 10 out of 33 countries in sub-Saharan Africa; 7 out of 11 countries in Central and Western Asia; 2 out of 21 countries in Asia and the Pacific; 6 out of 26 in Latin America and the Caribbean; 6 out of 9 in Eastern Europe; and 1 out of 23 countries in Western Europe and other developed countries.. According to Goutam Roy (2009), women education contributes in helping to reduce poverty. He added that empowerment and total emancipation are two major aspects that can help to alleviate poverty. Greater emphasis is being put on women education nowadays, as there are wider job opportunities and proper attention to the women in development programmes. He also mentioned that Scholarships are given by government in HSC level, technical of vocational education to motivate women students to become educated. Women teachers are being trained to improve the quality of education given and improved teaching methodology. Goutam Roy research proved that Empowerment and development are inter- related. The slow speed of women education is boosting women empowerment resulting in women development. According to the last decade, many countries have decided to reach our women, understand their needs and include them in the development process. Survey which was carried out in 2000 shows women literacy is 66% higher than men in developing countries. He analyses that the empowerment of women has become a social and political phenomenon. The development process is strengthening when both men and women participate and education is deeply related to women empowerment. Investing in education is one of the most effective ways to reduce poverty as Investment in girls in secondary education gives positive outcomes. Stine Ankerbo Karina Hoyda (2003) outlines that education is vital to womens empowerment in so far as it enables women to be more productive. According to the World Bank, a mothers education has beneficial impact on the size of the family, her children well-being and how effective she uses commodity services. Education is a mean to promote development in social, political and economic spheres. Studies and research prove that there exist a high correlation between an increase in women schooling and decline in infant mortality and fertility rates. Before the mid 1970s little attention were paid to the economic benefit which can be related to women. Educated women contribute to economic development. For example, in Africa 46 percent of the female labour force is in agriculture. If they were given proper education they would have been increase in productivity that will hinder economic growth. With investment in education for girls and women significant progress in social and economic gr owth can be deduced according to economic analysis. An increase in girl enrolment in primary schools leads to lower fertility rate, higher GDP per capita and life expectancy. Studies undertaken by a world bank on 20 developing countries find that when devote substantial resources to female primary education which leads to higher economic productivity, improved standard of living and life expectancy, lower infant and maternal mortality compared to countries where women do not benefit from proper education. According to CSO reports, the earlier a child starts going to school every day, and the less risk of slipping into a spiral of poverty in adulthood. Therefore, the EAP program helps families who, for lack of money, do not send their children to school. 2.6 Feminization of poverty The term feminization of poverty refers to the fact that women suffer from poverty much more than men. In countries and across the world, women live in poverty excessively in contrast to men. The term feminization of poverty, created in the 1970s by Diana Pearce, refers to the focus of poverty among women, mainly female-headed households. However, the feminization of poverty, in reality, refers to something broader than merely lack of income or a state of economic need for women. She added that poverty is being feminized because of three main reasons, namely: The growing amount of female-headed households. Individual and cultural stereotypes about and inequity against women and girls. Macroeconomic trends such as globalization and trade that fall short to take into consideration womens position in economy. While the very definition of poverty mean the lack of ability to meet essential needs such as food, clothing, or shelter, being poor also involve the lack of choice, little opportunity, the incapability to accomplish life goals, and eventually the loss of hope. In addition, the feminization of poverty influence more than just women as it affects children, who disproportionately live in female-headed households. According to Bianchi, the increase in non marriage among women, especially those who were adolescent, restricted the income prospective of the family, but also make the legal aspects of child support difficult. The increase of divorce rate, and a rise in life expectancy among women further enhance a gendered poverty, while social programs and income transfers planned to remove individuals out of poverty were less successful in reaching this goal for women than for men. Presently, research persists to prove the existence of a gendered component to poverty, one that has become more obvious and even more prominent with the increase in female-headed households, and perhaps even more noticeable among the young and elderly female population. Female heads of household are not only more likely to be poor, but their poverty is more likely to be elongated. The majority of studies of the hardship of women point to two primary mechanisms that force women into poverty at higher rates: demographic change and the economy. Since the discovery of the feminization of poverty, the nature of social life has changed considerably, as has the structure and nature of the family. Demographic shifts have without doubt rise inequality for women and their children. The amount of children born to unwed mothers has seen a considerable rise since the 1950s. Childbearing out of wedlock, high divorce rate, explain a drastically higher percentage of households headed by single women who are upbringing their children on their own. Moreover, the average lifespan for both males and females has improved and nowadays women are one step ahead of their male counterparts. With a longer life expectancy, women will require significantly more income to guarantee their survival in their later years. Changes occurred in the constitution of family and general demographics have led women and mothers at a substantial disadvantage in terms of the monetary funds accessible to cater for themselves and their families. Apparently the poverty rate among single-male heads of household was around 17.6%, while the rate for single-female heads of household was 36.9% in 2005.undoubtedly, the increase in the divorce rate has somehow affected women, who disproportionately assume the role of primary caregiver when divorce occurs. When coupled with womens usually inferior incomes and less property rights, divorced women promptly became more vulnerable to poverty than men. In the United States, most of the children living at or below the poverty line live in single-mother households. Furthermore, women are less likely to remarry after a divorce than men, which left them to single-income households with fewer resources for a long period of time. In 2005, there were 13.5 million divorced women in the United States-3.7 million, or 37.6%, more divorced women than divorced men. 2.7 Measuring the extent of feminization of poverty Taking into account the extent to which poverty is feminized, one is mostly disturbed with whether or not women disproportionately experience poverty in contrast to men. Conversely, as considered by the Census Bureau and other governmental agencies, both in the United States and around the globe, poverty is a household concept. That is, individuals are classified as poor if they form part of a household in which the household revenue is below the poverty level for the household size. In households headed by married couples, the assumption is that both men and women presumably experience poverty at the same rate-either both members of the couple are in poverty, or neither of them is. According to Christopher et al., the gender gap in poverty exists because single women are poorer than single men. Additionally, in many examples, women living in marriages where their partner is the wage earner are consequently more likely far from poverty. 2.8 Women in politics During the UN Committee on Elimination of Discrimination against Women on July 2010, some of the successes noted by Helen Hambling, Group Manager, and head of the Australian delegation stressed on the fact that women now comprises of almost one third of parliamentarians, while seven ministerial positions, including the Prime Minister, and the Governor General the highest public position were held by women. Since 1995, womens position improved by three-fold, and of the seven High Court justices, three were women. To enhance the participation of indigenous women in political life, the Government had started the indigenous womens programme. It was a grant programme that supply financial support for actions that would aid lessens those womens disadvantages and promotes their assumption of legislative and management roles. Rachel N. Mayanja, special advisor to the secretary- general on gender issues reported that there are only a few women in politics, with women presently filling just 16.8 percent of parliamentary seats, a slight rise of 4 percent since 1999. LIZ Chadderdon powell highlighted that There are only 19 female CEOs running Fortune 500 companies. That is only 3.8%. Moreover there are seventy-four women in Congress out of five hundred and thirty five seats in both the House and Senate. That implies that women comprises of only 13.8% of Congress while being 52% of the voting population of America. Sarah Brewer, Associate Director of the Women and Politics Institute at American University, states her study on female political consultants demonstrate women frequently work longer in the field before setting up their own firms. three primary reasons for the political consulting industrys glass ceiling: firstly Women are mothers and need to give time to their children, which make it difficult to serve their clients 24/7/365 and loose that edge to their male competitors, moreover being a committee ED or a partner in a firm one need to be powerful some women are shy and cannot be that aggressive and finally people in dominant positions (usually men) are reluctant to move out and give others a leg up. 2.9 Feminization of the labour force The effect of neobileral structural adjustment economic development on woman in the worlds workforces in the global economy is of great interest to policy makers. Standing (1989, 1999) and Catagay and Ozler (1995) suggest that neoliberal structural adjustment generally leads to greater feminization of the labour force caused by both demand and supply side. supply may increase due to the fact that woman enter the labour force to offset declining household and demand may increase as firms may employ more women due to lower cost of female workers. Different studies made on feminization of the labour force such as the modernization hypothesis suggest the economic development contribute to an increase in women labour force participation. On the controversy boserup(1970) who first propose the marginalization hypothesis found that economic development , urbanization relative growth of the manufacturing can lead to a fall in women labour force in the market because their traditional roles in agriculture and home production lose importance. According to the studies of Cooper Lewis (1999),Mintzberg(1996) and Rosener (1990) there is the establishment of a more humane style of management with a rise in women occupying higher level jobs as women show much care to their employees and they are more concerned with their well-being. 2.10 Equal opportunity A recent policy research report by the World Bank (2001) identifies gender equality both as a development objective in itself and as a means to promote growth, reduce poverty and promote better governance. Research undertaken by the university of stellenbosch business school in south Africa found that top level positions is still uncommon ready to accept woman are professional equals as governments policies legislation do not works . In 1996 a Gender Policy Framework (GPF) was set by the African government to authorize the international convention on the elimination of all forms of discrimination against woman. The GPFs main aim was to integrate gender policies by ensuring that; Womens rights are perceived as human They have equality as active citizens Their economic empowerment is promoted Their social uplift is given priority They are included in decision making They are beneficiaries in political, economic, social and cultural areas. Turning to the labour market, Helen Hambling, Group Manager, Department of Families Housing, Community Services and Indigenous Affairs, and alternative head of the Australian delegation recognized that women in Australia still received 18 per cent less than men and were retiring with half the savings of men. The New Fair Work Act recently operated also intended at pay equity between women and men. In the private sector, however, women held one in eight executive management positions, and the number of companies with no women executive managers had increased between the years 2006 and 2008. To deal with that, the Equal Opportunity for Women in the Workplace Agency had developed a combination of regulatory and educative measures, and held round tables across the country 2.11 Role of micro finance in empowering women and reducing poverty Akinyi Janet, Editor of The African Executive magazine reported that Women in Africa are not empowered because of poverty and negative cultural practices. Credit is not very accessible, which is the main restriction on womens capability to earn income. The Microfinance sector is involving African women in the economy as they were in terrible need of income to enhance their small farms which hardly fed them. Statistics shows that women consist of 74% of the 19.3 million of the worlds poorest people now being helped by microfinance institutions. She further said that In Africa, MFIs have witnessed remarkable gains. The sector offers financial services to the poor women in possible micro-enterprises make enterprising women more powerful through financial access and expertise and significantly lessen poverty. Her research shows that more access to savings and credit facilities make women stronger in taking economic decisions. It also develops their skills, knowledge and in addition improves their position in the community. The increase in access to microfinance has made womens path to social and political empowerment easier. Moreover Akinyi Janet found that Women have shown that they are reliable clients especially in repaying loans in a specific time .empowering women has been a success as it increases individual family expenditure on health, education, improved nutrition and food security. The UNDAW report (November 2001) microcredit and microfinance projects have been recognized as key strategies to tackle womens poverty by offering women with the prospect to have their own businesses, augment their productivity and earnings and, attain greater empowerment. However, there is increasing concern among womens organizations, researchers and practitioners concerning the way in which microcredit and microfinance programmes are being encouraged. It is observed that there is limited empirical evidence to maintain a linear relationship between microcredit, poverty alleviation and gender equality and empowerment of women. There are also not many studies that investigate the extent to which microfinance programmes have helped non-economic dimensions of womens empowerment. Hulme and Mosley (1996) also reveal the relationship that exists between credit and poverty reduction is from new investments to the pattern of income change to poverty alleviation. A positive link can be generated between the two depending on whether projects yield high returns and if they can create jobs. World Bank (2001) highlights that the poor can be helped through credit replacing productive assets damaged in a natural disaster. Therefore, microfinance programmes help the poor households to sustain income shocks. Moreover the majority of the micro-credit programmes help mainly women or households headed by women (Otero and Rhyne, 1994; Hulme and Mosley, 1996; Khandker, 1998; Murdoch, 1999b; World Bank, 2001). Sadegh Bakhtiari, from Isfahan University in Iran stresses on the fact that Microfinance can be a helpful means for poverty reduction. However, it should be used thoughtfully -It has been proven that the link between microfinance and poverty alleviation is not simple, because poverty is not an easy phenomenon as there is many obstacles for the poor to cope with. It is important to know what form microfinance is appropriate for the poorest; the delivery channel, methodology and products offered are all linked together and affect poverty. 2.12 Political and economic constraint in empowering women It is a fact that male dominates women under certain aspects like political, economic and socio-cultural and they are much well paid for the same work. Henshall (2004) defines gender equality as the same opportunity given to men and women to be able to lead an enjoyable life. However this may not always be the case as according to Feinstein (1979), there still exists a large gap in female and male wages. For the same job performed women may earn less than men. In Pakistan female job is viewed as inferior and low grade. He also argued that women are obliged to carry out domestic job like household maintenance and child caring. The traditional thinking of people in Pakistan strengthens restriction over empowerment. Khalid (1991) analyses that women are restricted from the political environment in the country. They are not exposed to social, cultural, political and economic participation in the community activities. Their works are unrecognized and they encounter problem with societys attitudes which affect their working capabilities adversely. Henslin (1996) finds that male are commonly paid more for the same work and they usually dominate the socio-cultural, economic and political aspects of the society. In contrast, females are discriminated against economically, politically and socially. Consequently this adversely affects them to emancipate and become independent in life. According to Dr Naz (2009), in Pakistan male has much more power in controlling economic resources. Consequently women are regarded as inferior as they have no say in economic and political affairs as well as decision making also. Furthermore even if women are equally qualified as men yet their income tend to be lower than that of men. However, this type of inequality exists in other countries as well. Due to the complex structure in Pakistan, women face a lot of difficulties in taking part in the economic and political activities in a democratic way and to even exert their voting right. Additionally Hafeez (1983) argued that the traditional thinking of husbands that is they are conservative and believe that women should remain at home as housewives prevents the participation of women in political and economic activities. The ego problem of the husband which restrict women employment have negative effects on their children and family life .At times the relatives (in-laws) are against women employment as they fear of losing their self-image as women may become too independent and neglect their traditional roles. 2.13 Barriers of empowering women through educational attainment According to Amartya Sen (1999) the main focus of women empowerment in the process of development more precisely it includes female education, their employment prospect and the working of the labour market. She also added that difficulty to allow women empowerment through education is due to stereotyping in the formal education system which strengthens the traditional gender characters. Apart from the every day life experience, women are discriminated in the field of education. Male members are seen as the prime source of earnings and parents usually prefer to educate their sons instead of their daughters. The higher one climbs the educational ladder, the more that learning is a masculine experience (Henslin, 1996). Muzammil(2010) in his analysis validates the evidence that a barrier to acknowledging the significance of empowering women through schooling relate to stereotyping in the formal education system which further strengthens gender roles. He also found that it is taken for granted that women with lower level of education than men should earn less. In reality, patriarchy is an obstacle to womens empowerment and it is inter related with the political system to dominate women. Through the United Nations Division for the Advancement of Women (UNDAW) meeting in 2001 A.Jacqueline emphasise on the fact that Womens rights and gender equality is still an issue in African countries. Women are discriminated in different field such as access to social and economic services. Consequently this act as a barrier to women empowerment. Research conducted by the United Nations High Commissioner for Human Rights in July 2009 found that media and other reports disclose that women re not allowed to participate in public life. Many working women are threatened or are intimidated. Women are therefore forced to remain at home. We can conclude that this type of behaviour restrict woman to participate in life and emancipate. A forum on the role of women in Saudi Arabia suggest that However, women in the audience criticized the ministry for making it difficult for them to manage their own businesses without a male guardian or agent, which often allows men to wrest control of womens money. Also women are not allowed to drive. Unfortunately, it is such extreme measures have stood in the way of womens employment and narrow their business opportunities. 2.14 Conclusion The literature on women in different field and how women empowerment has been a success till now is considerable. As far as possible the key theories have been analysed, supported by the empirical research that has been carried out on the different features. The subject continues to evolve and there is an interest to go further in empowering women to reduce poverty.

West Nile Virus :: Biology Health Medical Essays

West Nile Virus Life History West Nile Virus, WNV, was first isolated in 1937 in the West Nile section of Uganda. It was the found in Egypt in the 1950's. It was first found to cause meningitis and encephalitis during an outbreak amongst elderly people in Israel in 1957. It was first found to infect other vertebrates (equine species) in France in the early 1960's. It did not cross over to the US until 1999 and has now spread to 44 states. There have been 8219 cases in the US since then with 182 deaths. Connecticut has had 12 cases without a death. Microbial Characteristics WNV belongs to the virus family arboviruses, so called because they are arthropod-borne. The virion is about 40 nm in size. WNV is a +ssRNA virus. It is also an enveloped, icosahedral virus. Incubation period is about 3-14 days. Transmission WNV is transmitted by the female mosquito of the Culex species and can be transmitted to many vertebrates including birds, horses, dogs, cats, and humans. WNV has not been found to be transmitted through person-to-person contact or between any of the secondary carriers (i.e. birds to humans, etc.). It can be spread through blood transfusion, but this has only happened twice in the US. Symptoms Most people who are infected with West Nile virus either have no symptoms or experience mild illness such as fever, headache and body aches before fully recovering. Some persons may also develop a mild rash or swollen lymph glands. In some individuals, particularly the elderly, West Nile virus can cause serious disease that affects brain and spinal tissue. Severe illness may include encephalitis, meningitis, and acute flaccid paralysis. Symptoms may include: headache, high fever, stiff neck, confusion, coma, tremors, convulsions, and muscle weakness or paralysis. At its most serious, West Nile virus cancause permanent neurological damage or death. The fatality rate is 10-15% of t he only 1% that develop the more severe condition. Diagnosis Diagnostic testing is usually only done on patients that acquire the more severe meningitis or encephalitis. A MAC-ELISA test is performed on the CSF to detect any virus specific IgM. A MAC-ELISA can also be done on serum samples to confirm viremia. Like many other new viral diseases, this test is done when all other infections, bacterial or otherwise, are ruled out as the causitive agent. Diagnosis is based highly on clinical suspicion.

Méliès’s Trip to the Moon Essay

The film opens with a gathering of academics in a lecture hall. They have robes, beards and pointed hats. They are standing at first in ranks in the room, five more men join them and are given telescopes by female servants. The leader enters and assumes a position at a blackboard on the left where he draws an image of the Earth and the Moon and a bullet-shaped craft landing on the Moon. They all being discussing or arguing about the project. The technique used for acting is based on what one might see acted out in the theater with no modern cinematography such as close-ups or zooms are used to focus the attention on a particular character. All the characters appear onstage and if there is any focus on a certain action is done through theatrical technique such as the females marching out and handing out telescopes and leaving. When the main character, seeming like a professor comes in the group sort of comes to attention and stand still at first while the professor speaks and draws on the board. One’s attention’s shifts to the group again as they discuss and argue with over-large gesticulations in this silent film without written inter-titles. It is a silent stage drama recorded on film, else it would be mime theatre. The film’s scene changes almost like a shift of scene in the theatre. There is a very fake-looking space capsule that is being worked on and some of the astronauts try out the interior. There is a moment when someone falls into a shallow barrel. Possibly, this was meant to be a comic touch which would be at home later in vaudeville. There is no camera movement. It is as if one had a good seat at the theatre and watching a series of tableaux vivantes. The film owes much more to the stage and picture books than to any already-developed film technique. The subsequent boarding of the space-bullet on the left with the cannon on the right looks especially fake and hand-drawn. There is little aim at a believable set and much over-acting: doffing their hats and so on to an imaginary group of spectators, actually us who are watching the living theater more than a film by today’s standards. After the firing of the cannon, there occurs the use of something like special effects where the Man in the Moon, framed by clouds comes closer to the viewer and has human like expressions which show the space vehicle hitting him in the eye. It is a real human looking like he has whipped cream on his face.

Cleopatra Profile Ancient History

Cleopatra lived from 69 B.C. to 30 B.C. Occupation Ruler: Queen of Egypt and Pharaoh. Husbands and Mates of Cleopatra 51 B.C. Cleopatra and her brother Ptolemy XIII become Egypts rulers/siblings/spouses. In 48 B.C. Cleopatra and Julius Caesar became lovers. She became the sole ruler when her brother was drowned during the Alexandrian War (47 B.C.). Cleopatra then had to marry another brother for the sake of formality, Ptolemy XIV. In 44 B.C. Julius Caesar died. Cleopatra had her brother killed and appointed her 4-year-old son Caesarion as co-regent. Mark Antony became her lover in 41 B.C. Caesar and Cleopatra In 48 B.C. Julius Caesar arrived in Egypt and met a 22-year old Cleopatra, rolled in a carpet, supposedly. An affair followed, leading to the birth of a son, Caesarion. Caesar and Cleopatra left Alexandria for Rome in 45 B.C. A year later Caesar was assassinated. Antony and Cleopatra When Mark Antony and Octavian (to become Emperor Augustus) came to power in the aftermath of the assassination of Caesar, Cleopatra took up with Antony and had two children by him. Rome was upset with this dalliance since Antony was giving parts of the Roman Empire back to their client Egypt. Octavian declared war on Cleopatra and Antony. He defeated them at the Battle of Actium. The Death of Cleopatra Cleopatra is thought to have killed herself. The legend is that she killed herself by putting an asp to her breast while sailing on a barge. After Cleopatra, the last pharaoh of Egypt, Egypt became just another province of Rome. Fluency in Languages Cleopatra is known to have been the first in the family of the Ptolemies of Egypt to have learned to speak the local tongue. She is said to have also spoken: Greek (native language), the languages of the Medes, Parthians, Jews, Arabs, Syrians, Trogodytae, and Ethiopians (Plutarch, according to Goldsworthy in Antony and Cleopatra (2010)). About Cleopatra Cleopatra was the last pharaoh of the Macedonian dynasty that had ruled Egypt since Alexander the Great left his general Ptolemy in charge there in 323 B.C. Cleopatra (actually Cleopatra VII) was the daughter of Ptolemy Auletes (Ptolemy XII) and the wife of her brother, as was the custom in Egypt, Ptolemy XIII, and then, when he died, Ptolemy XIV. Cleopatra paid little attention to her spouses and ruled in her own right. Cleopatra is best known for her relations with leading Romans, Julius Caesar and Mark Antony, and the manner of her death. By the time of Ptolemy Auletes, Egypt was very much under Roman control and obligated financially to Rome. The story is told that Cleopatra arranged to meet the great Roman leader Julius Caesar by being rolled into a carpet, which was presented to Caesar as a gift. From her self-presentation, however much it may be a fiction, Cleopatra and Caesar had a relationship that was part political and part sexual. Cleopatra presented Caesar with a male heir, although Caesar didnt see the boy as such. Caesar took Cleopatra to Rome with him. When he was killed on the Ides of March, 44 B.C., it was time for Cleopatra to return home. Soon another powerful Roman leader presented himself in the person of Mark Antony, who with Octavian (soon to become Augustus), had taken control of Rome. Antony and Octavian were related by marriage, but after a short time with Cleopatra, Antony stopped caring about his wife, Octavians sister. Other jealousies between the two men and concern over the undue influence Egypt and Egyptian interests were having on Antony, led to open conflict. In the end, Octavian won, Antony and Cleopatra died, and Octavian took out his hostility on Cleopatras reputation. As a result, however popular Cleopatra may be in the arts, we know surprisingly little about her. Also, see a Chronology of Cleopatras Life.